Civil law

Civil law – this term refers to the Law inspired by old Roman Law, the primary feature of which was that laws were written into a collection; codified, and not determined, as is Common Law produced by judges. The principle of civil law is to provide all citizens with an accessible and written collection of the laws which apply to them and which judges must follow for future cases. The Civil Law in most countries consists of all relations and procedures related to contacts, torts, civil claims, execution procedures, marital relations, inheritances, etc. – most of the legal procedures that are not related to criminal law or to the administrative law. The Civil Law regulates the relationships between private individuals, and not these between people on one hand and the government on another. Family Law, Law of Contracts and Inheritance Law are examples of private law because the focus of those kinds of laws is the relationships between physical individuals, without the direct affect or participation of the government. These are different than the branches of the Public Law – i.e. the Administrative Law, the Parliamentary Law, etc. As it regulates legal relations among private individuals, sometimes it is called “Private Law”.

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