Ultra vires – From Latin: This term means without authority. I.e. it details an act which is performed beyond the powers or authority of the person or organization which took it.

Undertaking – this term details a promise, which can be enforced by law, made by a party (person) or their legal representative during legal proceedings.

Unconditional – it means no differences from what has to be done. For example, an activity which has to be performed in strict way without variations or options.

A legal doctrine that prevents a plaintiff who has acted unethically in relation to a lawsuit from winning the suit or from recovering as much money as she would have if she had behaved honorably. For example, if a contractor…